Qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob electrostatic loj heev, nws tsim tawm li cas?
Thaum lub caij qhuav no, thaum koj qhib qhov rooj, muaj hluav taws xob tsis haum. Qhov no yog qhov tso tawm hluav taws xob (ESD). Thaum koj hnov ib qho hluav taws xob poob siab, qhov hluav taws xob zoo li qub hauv koj lub cev muaj tshaj 2000 volts! Thaum koj pom cov paug tawm, qhov hluav taws xob ntawm koj lub cev yog siab li 5000 volts! Thaum koj hnov lub suab tawm, qhov hluav taws xob ntawm koj lub cev yog li 8000 volts! Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus vwm tseem niaj hnub VLSI tau raug puas los ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tsuas yog siv ob peb lub nce hluav taws los yog tsawg dua. Qhov ntawd yog hais tias, thaum koj kov cov circuits, koj tsis tau pom lossis tsis pom lossis txawm hnov cov pa tawm ntawm qhov xa tawm electrostatic, lub Circuit Court yeej ua puas lossis tag nrho puas lawm, thiab koj tseem tseem tab tom nrhiav nws cov hardware los yog software. . Koj yuav tsis paub tias nws yog "dab" ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Ua ntej nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo dhau los, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob zoo li ib qho kev kawm hauv Science thiab Technology Museum. Nws yog ib qho nthuav dav lub cev xwb; Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev siv hluav taws xob tam sim no tau rais los ua neeg ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev lag luam qib siab.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, muaj ntau yam kev raug mob loj tshwm sim los ntawm hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. Hauv kev ua tub rog kev lag luam, kev tshem tawm electrostatic ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm rockets (pob tawg); nyob rau hauv kev lag luam petrochemical, electrostatic tso tawm ua rau roj los tawg thiab hlawv; hauv kev lag luam hauv tshuab hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob cov khoom puas lawm, thiab tsuas yog Tebchaws Asmeskas tau poob ntawm kev lag luam hauv electronics txhua xyoo vim tias hluav taws xob muaj sia. Nws yog tsim nyog kaum ntawm billions nyiaj. Lwm daim ntawv ntawm electrostatic ruaj khov yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm electrostatic force. Lub tshuab xuab zeb (electrostatic) cov nyom yuav ua rau kev zoo ntawm qhov khoom. Hauv cov voj voog loj loj, cov khoom ntim tawm tuaj yeem txo vim hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Daim ntawv no tsis yoojyim los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm luam tawm, txo cov khoom kom zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, electrostatic tso tawm kuj ua rau muaj zog electromagnetic cuam tshuam, uas yog qhov dav heev, los ntawm kev qis frequencies mus rau ntau gigahertz. Qhov no muaj zog electromagnetic teb muaj ib ntus ntev ntawm kev txiav txim, tiam sis nws siv yog ntau zog tshaj lub electromagnetic teb radiated los ntawm lub xov tooj txawb, uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov lag luam ntawm qee cov khoom siv.
Qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob electrostatic loj heev, nws tsim tawm li cas? Txhua yam tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm atoms, thiab cov qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem atoms yog protons, neutrons thiab electrons. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau txhais cov protons ua zoo, tsis muaj hluav taws xob tsis muaj hluav taws xob, thiab electrons uas tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua, tus naj npawb ntawm protons ntawm ib qho me me yog tib yam li cov naj npawb ntawm electrons, thiab nws yog zoo thiab negatively balanced, yog li nws qhia tau hais tias ib tug uncharged phenomenon. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj teeb meem sab nraud xws li kev sib txhuam los yog kev txiav txim ntawm ntau lub zog xws li lub zog hluav taws xob, muaj zog, thermal energy, chemical zog, thiab lwm yam, qhov zoo thiab tsis muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm cov atoms. Kev sib txheeb hauv txhua txhua hnub yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab sib cais. Muaj qee zaum, hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm tsim tau yam tsis muaj kev sib txhuam, xws li kev siv cov electrostatic electrification, thermoelectric thiab piezoelectric electrification, Helmholtz txheej, thiab dav hlau electrification.
Txhua yam khoom siv ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob tau hluav taws xob yog tias lawv sib cais tom qab sib cuag, thiab cua ntws tuaj yeem tsim tau hluav taws xob zoo. Vim li cas cov huab cua zoo li qub ua hluav taws xob? Vim hais tias huab cua kuj ua ntawm atoms, nws yuav hais tau tias hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm yuav tsim los ntawm txhua lub sijhawm thiab nyob qhov twg hauv peb lub neej. Nws yuav luag tsis tas tua hluav taws xob, tab sis qee qhov ntsuas yuav raug coj los tswj cov hluav taws xob zoo li qub kom tsis txhob ua kom raug mob. Rau tej qhov chaw sib txawv, cov khoom tiv thaiv sib txawv nyias muaj nyias kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ntsuas. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txo cov hluav taws xob los txo kom txhob muaj teeb meem ntawm hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. Piv txwv, qee cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv thiab kev ntsuas siv los tswj cov hluav taws xob ntawm lub cev thiab lub chaw nyob. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm tuaj yeem hnav khaub ncaws hnav zoo li qub thiab nkawm khau thiab pw hauv av. Ntxiv rau zoo zoo tswj kev ntsuas kev ntsuas, yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo li kev tswj software, qhov no yog qhov tswj kev tswj thiab qhov system daim ntawv pov thawj thiab kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm static. Muaj cov tswj kev tswj zoo li qub nyob hauv ntau lub tuam tsev txawv teb chaws.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, qee qhov kev ntsuas yuav raug muab thaum tsim cov voj voog mus txhawm rau txhim kho kev muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov khoom.
Tus qauv hluav taws xob muaj teeb meem ntau. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau zoo li cas? Cov lus teb yog muaj, siv hluav taws xob zoo li qub rau cov tib neeg. Dab tsi txhua tus neeg paub tshaj plaws yog tias electrostatic luam tam sim no dav siv. Kev tshem tawm plua plav tawm ntawm lub plhaws (electrostatic plasmob) muaj qhov ua kom zoo dua. Niaj hnub, ntau cov cua purifiers siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob los siv nqus plua plav me me rau hauv cov huab cua thiab lim pa. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, kev siv cov tshuaj electrostatic tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua qub thiab txo cov tshuaj tua kab, uas yog ob qho tib si pheej yig thiab thaj chaw zoo. Muaj ntau daim ntawv sau npe ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub, xws li electrostatic kev kho mob ntawm cov noob uas muaj kab mob tsis muaj zog, txo tus kab mob tshwm sim, thiab siab npaum li cas, nce tuaj; ozone generated los ntawm electrostatic tso tawm yog ib qho khoom txhawb zog, muaj cov kab mob muaj zog txaus bactericidal; Cov tshuaj tua kab mob electrostatically Nws muaj peev xwm ob leeg tsis tau thiab tsis ntsuas. Cov yeeb yaj kiab electrostatic electret kuj kho tau ntau yam ntawm cov nqaij mos mos, nws muaj cov nyhuv ntawm kev txhawb ntshav, txo cov mob thiab o. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm tseem siv tau rau kev txau, thiab vaj tse ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev xws li ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab cov tub yees yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Nyob rau hauv luv luv, qhov mysterious tshaj plaws ntawm hluav taws xob static, txawm tias peb tsis tau pom nws nrog lub qhov muag liab qab thiab tsis tau kov nws los ntawm txhais tes, tab sis static hluav taws xob yog tas li raug tsim thiab xwb nyob ib ncig ntawm peb. Nws yog ob qho tib si teeb meem rau tib neeg beings thiab yuav siv tau los ntawm tib neeg beings.