Cov kev xav tsis zoo hauv kev xaiv thiab siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb
Kev pab lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas nquag siv
1. Kev Pabcuam Lub Neej ntawm Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb
Kev nyab xeeb txoj siv sia yuav tsum raug tshuaj xyuas tom qab ob xyoos ntawm kev siv, raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev yuav khoom. Yog tias lawv dhau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem siv txuas ntxiv mus. Rau cov qauv siv uas tau kuaj xyuas, txoj hlua ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tau hloov ua ntej siv txuas ntxiv. Cov hlua uas siv ntau zaus yuav tsum tau kuaj pom tsis tu ncua, thiab yog tias pom muaj qhov txawv txav, lawv yuav tsum tau hloov nrog cov hlua tshiab tam sim ntawd. Kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov hlua khi yog 3 txog 5 xyoos.
2. Kev ceev faj rau khau Antistatic thiab Antistatic ua hauj lwm khaub ncaws
(1) GB 12014-89 "Antistatic Work Clothes" qhia tias cov khaub ncaws antistatic yuav tsum tau hnav nrog cov khau antistatic raws li tau teev tseg hauv GB 4385.
(2) Vim tias rov ua dua tshiab, kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khaub ncaws ua haujlwm antistatic yuav txo qis. Yog li ntawd, lub neej kev pab cuam tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias, kev siv zog ua haujlwm siab, thiab kev ntxhua khaub ncaws ntau yuav tsum tsim nyog luv dua. (3) Thaum lub sij hawm siv cov khau antistatic, feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua ib qho kev xeem ib zaug txhua 200 teev. Yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm, cov khau yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntxiv.
3. Kev ceev faj rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm hluav taws xob insulating khau thiab hnab looj tes
Hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev khau muaj xws li plaub yam tseem ceeb: hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev khau khau, ntaub- khau looj plab hlaub, roj hmab- khau roj hmab sab saud, thiab khau yas. Txhua chav tsev tuaj yeem txiav txim siab lub neej ua haujlwm raws li kev siv zog ua haujlwm thiab ib puag ncig ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum raug sau tseg: Ua ntej, rau kev khaws cia, yog tias ntau tshaj 18 lub hlis dhau los txij li hnub tsim khoom, txhua lub khau yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob; Thib ob, cov khau uas muaj corroded los yog puas sab sauv los yog cov khau yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los ua hluav taws xob insulating khau; thib peb, kev ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua tsawg kawg ib zaug txhua 6 lub hlis thaum siv, thiab yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm, cov khau yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntxiv. Lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov hnab looj tes insulating tuaj yeem raug teev los ntawm txhua chav raws li qhov siv ntau zaus, tab sis tus kheej - kuaj los ntawm tshuab cua yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej txhua qhov kev siv, thiab kev ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua tsawg kawg ib zaug txhua rau lub hlis. Yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm, cov hnab looj tes yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntxiv.
4. Kev ceev faj rau kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev hnov lus
Cov khoom tiv thaiv kev hnov lus suav nrog cov suab nrov-tso lub pob ntseg, suab nrov- tshem tawm lub pob ntseg, thiab suab nrov- tshem cov kaus mom hlau. Feem ntau, suab nrov-tso tseg kaus mom hlau muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws txo suab nrov, thaiv huab cua-ua suab nrov thiab txo cov pob txha- ua suab nrov puas rau pob ntseg. Lawv haum rau siab - suab nrov ib puag ncig. Earmuffs muab cov suab nrov zoo tshaj plaws tom ntej no, thaum lub pob ntseg muab qhov phem tshaj plaws, nrog lub suab nrov ntawm 10-20 dB hauv 1000-2000 Hz zaus ntau.
2. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej (PPE) yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg yog tias nws ua tau raws li cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
(1) Nws tsis ua raws li lub teb chaws, kev lag luam, lossis cov qauv hauv zos.
(2) Nws ua tsis tau raws li cov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm tau teev tseg los ntawm lub koom haum saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm zoo tshaj.
(3) Nws raug puas tsuaj thaum siv lossis khaws cia thiab ua tsis tau raws li qhov tseem ceeb yam tsawg kawg nkaus tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm zoo thaum kuaj xyuas.
VI. Cov qauv rau kev faib cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej
Cov neeg ua haujlwm koom nrog ntau txoj haujlwm lossis ua haujlwm hauv ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau nruab nrog PPE raws li lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab chaw ua haujlwm. Yog tias PPE muab rau tsis haum rau lwm txoj haujlwm lossis chaw ua haujlwm, lwm yam PPE tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab lossis qiv. Cov kev cai tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no:
1. Lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yuav tsum tau muab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv qee txoj haujlwm. Gauze qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los ua plua plav qhov ncauj qhov ntswg.
2. Kev faib cov iav tiv thaiv yuav tsum ua raws li hom tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem raug. Tsim nyog lim cov kaus poom (cov thawv) yuav tsum raug xaiv kom raug. Ua ntej txhua qhov kev siv, lawv cov kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas, thiab lim cov kaus poom (lub thawv) yuav tsum tau hloov tsis tu ncua raws li cov qauv hauv tebchaws.
3. Cov hnab looj tes ua los ntawm canvas, gauze, fleece, tawv, roj hmab, yas, latex, thiab lwm yam, tau sau npe hu ua "cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm." Cov tswv lag luam yuav tsum muab cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm los tiv thaiv kev raug mob los ntawm kev txiav, abrasions, kub hnyiab, scalds, khov, hluav taws xob shocks, hluav taws xob zoo li qub, corrosion, thiab immersion thaum ua haujlwm.
4. "Hearing protectors" yog ib lo lus dav dav rau pob ntseg, pob ntseg, thiab suab nrov -tso tseg kaus mom hlau. Cov tswv lag luam tuaj yeem muab cov no rau cov neeg ua haujlwm raws li qhov siv zog thiab zaus ntawm lub suab nrov hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
5. Ntxiv rau kev hloov raws sijhawm, cov hnab looj tes insulating thiab khau yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev ua ntej siv thiab rov kuaj dua txhua rau lub hlis.
6. Rau cov haujlwm uas lub qhov muag yuav raug mob los ntawm cov khoom ya ya xws li cov ntaub ntawv hlau, cov iav zoo tib yam tau tawg yooj yim rau qhov cuam tshuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag tsis ncaj. Kev cuam tshuam - tsom iav tiv thaiv yuav tsum hnav.
7. Kev tswj hwm kev tsim khoom, kev teem sijhawm, kev ruaj ntseg, kev tshuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm xws li cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov qhua yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog (PPE) raws li cov chaw tsim khoom uas lawv nquag nkag.
8. Hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm uas muaj cov pa phem lossis cov pa phem tuaj yeem tawm hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom siv puas tsuaj lossis ua haujlwm tsis zoo, ntxiv rau kev muab cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog tus qauv PPE, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb rau kev siv tam sim thaum muaj kev khiav tawm lossis kev cawm. Tus tswv hauj lwm yuav tsum tau xaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb los xyuas kom meej tias nws ua haujlwm zoo.
9. Cov nets kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau txhim tsa raws li cov cai ntawm qhov siab - qhov chaw ua haujlwm siab xws li kev tsim kho, txuas hniav, nkoj, thiab kev teeb tsa kev lag luam. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xaiv thiab hnav cov hlua khi kom haum raws li kev ua haujlwm sib txawv.
10. Kev txiav txim siab tias ib txoj haujlwm yuav muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm sib txawv, cov sijhawm ua haujlwm tiag tiag, thiab kev siv zog ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw lag luam sib txawv, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua thiab kev lag luam hauv ntau lub xeev thiab nroog, hom khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej (PPE) xav tau rau txhua txoj haujlwm yog cov qauv yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm PPE tsis raug tsim. Lub xeev - theem kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum, thaum tsim cov qauv hauv xeev, muab PPE tsim nyog ntxiv raws li cov xwm txheej tiag tiag thiab qhia txog lub neej kev pabcuam.
VII. Kev faib cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej los ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Ntu
(1) Safety Helmets. Cov no yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv siv los tiv thaiv lub taub hau los ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab tsoo kev raug mob. Lawv feem ntau suav nrog cov yas, roj hmab, iav, daim kab xev nplaum, txias- pov thawj, thiab xyoob / rattan kaus mom hlau.
(2) Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ua pa. Cov no yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv pneumoconiosis thiab kab mob ua haujlwm. Lawv muab faib ua peb pawg raws li lawv siv: kev tiv thaiv plua plav, tiv thaiv tshuaj lom, thiab cov khoom siv oxygen; thiab ua ob pawg raws li lawv txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm: lim thiab cais tawm. (3) Kev Tiv Thaiv Qhov Muag. Siv los tiv thaiv lub qhov muag thiab lub ntsej muag ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm kev raug mob sab nraud. Muab faib ua vuam qhov muag tiv thaiv, rauv thiab kiln qhov muag tiv thaiv, cuam tshuam- tiv thaiv qhov muag tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv microwave, laser tiv thaiv tsom iav, thiab qhov muag tiv thaiv X-rays, tshuaj, thiab hmoov av.
(4) Kev Tiv Thaiv Hnov. Kev tiv thaiv kev hnov lus yuav tsum tau siv thaum ua haujlwm hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj qib siab tshaj 90 dB(A) lossis luv luv - theem siab tshaj 115 dB(A). Kev tiv thaiv kev hnov lus suav nrog pob ntseg, pob ntseg, thiab kaus mom hlau.
(5) Cov khau tiv thaiv. Siv los tiv thaiv ko taw ntawm kev raug mob. Tam sim no, cov khoom tseem ceeb muaj xws li cuam tshuam -resistant, insulating, anti-static, acid thiab alkali-resistant, roj-resistant, thiab tsis yog- khau khau.
(6) Cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv. Siv rau kev tiv thaiv tes, feem ntau suav nrog cov kua qaub thiab alkali- hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, hnab looj tes hluav taws xob, hnab looj tes vuam, X-ray- hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, thiab hnab looj tes asbestos.
(7) Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv. Siv los tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg hauv chaw ua haujlwm. Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tau muab faib ua ob pawg: cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb thiab khaub ncaws ua haujlwm.
(8) Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev poob. Siv los tiv thaiv kev ntog. Feem ntau suav nrog txoj siv sia, txoj hlua ruaj ntseg, thiab cov nets.